A patient's X-ray shows osteoporosis in the lumbar spine. Which exercise is best?
Prolonged bed rest
High-impact running
Spinal flexion sit-ups
Lumbar extension strengthening
During gait analysis, you notice foot drop on the right side. Which nerve is most likely affected?
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Saphenous
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Femoral
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Tibial
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Common peroneal
A patient demonstrates a positive Lachman test. What is the diagnosis?
A goniometer reading of 0-90° at the shoulder joint indicates limitation in?
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Internal rotation
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Extension
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Abduction
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Flexion
An EMG study shows delayed conduction in the median nerve at the wrist. Which condition is this?
Radial nerve lesion
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Ulnar nerve palsy
A patient with kyphosis has difficulty breathing. Which pulmonary pattern is most common?
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Restrictive
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Mixed
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Normal
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Obstructive
A patient's MRI shows herniation at L4-L5. Which nerve root is most likely compressed?
During balance testing, the patient can stand with eyes open but sways and loses balance with eyes closed. This indicates?
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Vestibular deficit
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Somatosensory deficit
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Cerebellar deficit
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Visual deficit
A patient with scoliosis has a Cobb angle of 25°. What is the recommended physical therapy management?
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No treatment
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Traction
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Immediate surgery
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Bracing and exercise
A post-burn patient has hypertrophic scars limiting elbow extension. Which physical therapy intervention is most appropriate?
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Traction
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Moist heat
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Cryotherapy
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Pressure garments
